HIFICRITIC audio review magazine
HIFICRITIC FORUMS
New Issue: Vol 7, No 1
HIFICRITIC
Welcome Guest! To enable all features please Login or Register.

Notification

Icon
Error

6 Pages123>»
Martin Colloms Offline
#1 Posted : 28 December 2011 16:29:30(UTC)
Martin Colloms


Rank: Administrator

Joined: 15/07/2008(UTC)
Posts: 1,845

Was thanked: 8 time(s) in 8 post(s)

Hi Res Sound Quality

Depending on system quality and transparency you may hear improvements in fidelity for genuine Hi Res programme


Barry Daiment, SoundKeeper Recordings records at up to 24/192 but also works in RB CD RedBook 16/44.1 and can readily compare the quality..

Quoting Barry :>>>>>

Instrumental harmonics, for example, the parts of the sound that
differentiate a C played on a guitar from a C played on a piano, or a C
played on a Baldwin piano from a C played on a Steinway, are much lower in
level than the fundamental (the C itself).

Spatial information too - what tells us about the space the players are in,
the size of the room, its "character", is much lower in level than the
loudest sounds we hear at a given moment.

If this information is say, 12 dB lower in level, it will be quantized using
approximately 2 bits fewer than the total word length (i.e. 14 bits in a
16-bit encoding, 22 bits in a 24-bit encoding).

If it is say, 36 dB lower in level, it will be quantized using approximately
6 bits fewer than the total word length (i.e. 10 bits in a 16-bit encoding,
18 bits in a 24-bit encoding). Some information, such as the end of a reverb
tail such as in a recording made in a large room, where the music ends suddenly,
can be well more than that 36 dB lower in level than the loudest sounds and
will be encoded with correspondingly fewer bits.

This manifests itself in the thinned, bleached and coarsened instrumental
harmonics in even the best 16-bit recordings, as compared to a good 24-bit
recording (or of course, the original sound in real life). It also manifests
itself in the defocusing of the spatial information in the 16-bit recording
compared to a good 24-bit recording (and real life).


<<<<<<


Barry works at the coal face, but I have found , for example that CD has a
somewhat generic sound to piano no matter what the make, but higher res
allows me to identify the maker more easily.

Moreover a piano recording that has become familiar at 24bit is audibly if slightly
degraded if properly decimated to 22bit. Then 20, 18, and 16bit stages are progressively worse.

It does not mean that I cannot enjoy great performances on 16/44.

I am reminded of the divide between direct cut and tape to stamper vinyl.

Once heard the fidelity gain for direct cut was unmistakeable and very memorable.
Much more than CD to hi res in context, but we all got by with conventional LPs
since that was what was available.

Martin Colloms
Togil Offline
#2 Posted : 28 December 2011 16:47:07(UTC)
Togil


Rank: HIFI Veteran

Joined: 04/10/2008(UTC)
Posts: 536
Location: Oxford

Well in the last few days I downloaded some 24/192 jazz from HDtracks, both recordings from the 60s and 70s and I have to say I have never heard piano so entirely free from glare. And it does seem from some other 24 bit recordings with lower sampling rates that it is the 24 bits which makes all the difference. This is at odds with earlier theories, e.g. Bob Stuart's , that the sampling rate was more important.
Hans
paskinn Offline
#3 Posted : 29 December 2011 00:25:18(UTC)
paskinn


Rank: HIFI Addict

Joined: 13/10/2009(UTC)
Posts: 193
Location: east sussex

All rather encouraging....but, to be a bit boring...I still hear superior quality from a really good piece of Vinyl......this could be due to prejudice, superior recording in earlier periods, or the sheer mass of electronic processing that goes on in hi res. For now, and with limited experience, I still think that the best digital sounds like 'super cd' rather than pure music.But progress is being made, things will get better and one day.....I will hear great hi res and get out my credit card. But not quite yet.I think Ricardo at Absolute Sound was spot on when he talked of the 'sameness' of computer audio. Maybe just a year or two more to get beyond that.....
fas42 Offline
#4 Posted : 29 December 2011 04:19:48(UTC)
fas42


Rank: HIFI Novice

Joined: 27/11/2011(UTC)
Posts: 37
Location: NSW, Australia

Martin Colloms wrote:
If it is say, 36 dB lower in level, it will be quantized using approximately
6 bits fewer than the total word length (i.e. 10 bits in a 16-bit encoding,
18 bits in a 24-bit encoding). Some information, such as the end of a reverb
tail such as in a recording made in a large room, where the music ends suddenly,
can be well more than that 36 dB lower in level than the loudest sounds and
will be encoded with correspondingly fewer bits.

This manifests itself in the thinned, bleached and coarsened instrumental
harmonics in even the best 16-bit recordings, as compared to a good 24-bit
recording (or of course, the original sound in real life). It also manifests
itself in the defocusing of the spatial information in the 16-bit recording
compared to a good 24-bit recording (and real life).[/i]

Sorry, I can't accept this. Lower bits is exactly equivalent to lower signal/noise ratio in analogue recording, 36dB down means on a decent tape deck that you only have about 35dB dynamic range of tape to play with, but no-one's complaining about this! I've listened to CD classical test pieces at 0db, then attenuated -60dB on a separate track, and all the key elements of the sound are still there, with good ambience recovery. If you tried this trick with tape you would be deafened by the tape hiss!!

That notorious thin CD sound is all about faulty playback, the Achilles Heel of the medium, a type of disortion typically hard to eradicate; but once you experience the absence of it you wonder what all the fuss about vinyl vs. digital is about ...

Frank

Edited by user 29 December 2011 04:22:20(UTC)  | Reason: Not specified

Togil Offline
#5 Posted : 29 December 2011 11:42:27(UTC)
Togil


Rank: HIFI Veteran

Joined: 04/10/2008(UTC)
Posts: 536
Location: Oxford

paskinn wrote:
All rather encouraging....but, to be a bit boring...I still hear superior quality from a really good piece of Vinyl......this could be due to prejudice, superior recording in earlier periods, or the sheer mass of electronic processing that goes on in hi res. For now, and with limited experience, I still think that the best digital sounds like 'super cd' rather than pure music.But progress is being made, things will get better and one day.....I will hear great hi res and get out my credit card. But not quite yet.I think Ricardo at Absolute Sound was spot on when he talked of the 'sameness' of computer audio. Maybe just a year or two more to get beyond that.....


I've never heard of anyone make a good high-res copy of vinyl and then say it sounds like CD - in fact some say it sounds better because you avoid the vibrations when recording.
Hans
hifi addict Offline
#6 Posted : 29 December 2011 14:28:55(UTC)
hifi addict


Rank: HIFI Guru

Joined: 26/09/2008(UTC)
Posts: 338
United Kingdom
Location: Hasting/Crete/London

Thanks: 1 times
At CES a couple of years ago Andy Jones from TAD was playing some tape project reels and some high res recordings from Bill Schnee.

My wife and I thought the high res recordings were much better then the tape (which surprised me)

They were 24/192 recordings.

Best sound of the show.
hifistan Offline
#7 Posted : 29 December 2011 15:28:18(UTC)
hifistan


Rank: Administrator

Joined: 18/11/2008(UTC)
Posts: 759
Location: Indiana, USA

Was thanked: 5 time(s) in 3 post(s)


That notorious thin CD sound is all about faulty playback, the Achilles Heel of the medium, a type of distortion typically hard to eradicate; but once you experience the absence of it you wonder what all the fuss about vinyl vs. digital is about ...

Frank[/quote]

If this is true, and it may be for all I know, what an indictment of the industry! They have denied all along that any such problem exists and took their best men off CD long ago! It has been left to small companies with limited means to show what is possible with red book CD. I find it very hard to listen to most CD transfers of classical music that I find perfectly acceptable in their original LP versions. I look forward to seeing what the Octave will do with them.
darkmatter Offline
#8 Posted : 29 December 2011 16:06:33(UTC)
darkmatter


Rank: Administrator

Joined: 19/09/2008(UTC)
Posts: 1,667
United Kingdom
Location: UK

Thanks: 8 times
Was thanked: 5 time(s) in 5 post(s)
hifistan wrote:
I look forward to seeing what the Octave will do with them.


Me too hope to place an order around spring time if I can save up enough for one, this year has been wretched & hope 2012 is better for all!

Edited by user 29 December 2011 16:07:13(UTC)  | Reason: Not specified

ashleym Offline
#9 Posted : 29 December 2011 16:16:58(UTC)
ashleym


Rank: HIFI Veteran

Joined: 02/02/2009(UTC)
Posts: 901
Location: uk

Thanks: 1 times
Was thanked: 2 time(s) in 2 post(s)
Quote:
I've listened to CD classical test pieces at 0db, then attenuated -60dB on a separate track, and all the key elements of the sound are still there, with good ambience recovery.


Nice to see some actual experimentation but this doesnt add up to me. At -60dB you are starting to get into room noise, unless you are in a recording studio, and so the reverb tails would fall into the ambient noise that quite quickly- unless you are listening at high levels? I am taking this with CD having a 96dB dynamic range and a well cut classical piece wont be hitting the end stops as your average squished pop tracks.

(just edited to clarify)

Edited by user 29 December 2011 17:52:18(UTC)  | Reason: Not specified

fas42 Offline
#10 Posted : 30 December 2011 00:18:36(UTC)
fas42


Rank: HIFI Novice

Joined: 27/11/2011(UTC)
Posts: 37
Location: NSW, Australia

ashleym wrote:
Quote:
I've listened to CD classical test pieces at 0db, then attenuated -60dB on a separate track, and all the key elements of the sound are still there, with good ambience recovery.


Nice to see some actual experimentation but this doesnt add up to me. At -60dB you are starting to get into room noise, unless you are in a recording studio, and so the reverb tails would fall into the ambient noise that quite quickly- unless you are listening at high levels? I am taking this with CD having a 96dB dynamic range and a well cut classical piece wont be hitting the end stops as your average squished pop tracks.

This would be straightforward to do if you used a program like Audacity to create your own attenuated version of a sutable track, and then burn to a CD. I cheated BigGrin , and used a Denon test CD which had these tracks added: 0, -20, -40, -60dB versions of the same piece. Now, that last one is incredibly quiet: on a previous incarnation of my system I used a CD player with digital volume control directly driving the amp, and this at max. volume setting I could just hear with my ear up against the tweeter cone -- I was able to hear the CD player's (25 year old) DAC nonlinearity clearly, but the texture of the sound still came through cleanly.

With my current setup the DAC is much better, but the volume gain is not much better, still have to stick my hear against the speaker drivers, use them like a giant single headphone to hear the the track; but the sound is all there, a bit of noise in the background, like tape hiss coming through. The key thing is that the integrity of the music is all there, even at that dramatically reduced volume ...

Frank
Togil Offline
#11 Posted : 30 December 2011 09:21:24(UTC)
Togil


Rank: HIFI Veteran

Joined: 04/10/2008(UTC)
Posts: 536
Location: Oxford

In photography one of the first things which even the film addicts admitted was a big advantage in high res digital cameras, was the fact that you could record a dark scene and still extract enormous detail.
I am sure the same is true in digital audio but is masked by the pleasant artefacts in both vinyl and magnetic tape which is mistaken for "detail". In film it's grain where everybody can see that it's an artefact.
Hans
bencat Offline
#12 Posted : 30 December 2011 09:50:34(UTC)
bencat


Rank: HIFI Addict

Joined: 23/05/2009(UTC)
Posts: 99
Location: Liverpool

I wish that we could not draw the lines as we often do with the Vinyl v CD debate it almost always just results in an entrenched view. I was very surprised recently to get to hear a good condition and fully working original Sony and Philips CD machine the very first produced when CD was launched . I was really surprised at how good they sounded compared with my memory of them .When they first launched they were met in many circles with howls of derision and statements that they were sterile sounding , caused actual harm and could never produce real music . Well they could both most likely be bettered by any 300-400 GBP current model but the sound produced by the Sony was not as bad as I recall at the time as I dismissed the Sony and viewed the Philips as the better sounding option . I would strongly disagree with this now and say that in fact the Sony was and is an altogether more musical and believable player .

Does this mean I was deaf when they first came out does this mean the critics of that time were wrong , well probably not because all they had to listen to was a fairly limited number of discs available at that time and the Music companies were learning about producing the discs as well as the players. I played some favourite and current recordings which I know to sound very good on equiment capable of reproducing waht is on the disc and this gave both the early players the best chance of showing themselves in the best light. What I did notice was that the Sony more ruthlessly exposed a poor CD transfer for what it was a poor transfer this does not make the player bad just doing its job properly in reproducing exactly what is on the disc and not adding to it.

I am confident and sure that it is very possible to produce high quality music with CD in its original red book form and I currently own 5000 + and rising to prove that I am prepared to back my judgement with my own cash. High Res downloads are somehting I want to get in to and I have recently bought a couple but am in the early stages of getting a newtwork media player and setting this up so to date I have not heard any recordings in the higher quality . One thing however does convince me that CD for me at least is the way to go and that is a quick look through my current collection and I discover that only 500 are currently avilable on vinyl and less than 100 on High Res download. Given that there is literally only one choice if you like the wide range of music types that I do.

I have a vinyl set up it is good but not the best by any means (Logic DM101 Turntable , Rega RB300, Grado S1 in to Mission Cyrus 2 with PSX ) but it is good enough to enjoy the collection I currently have but I have not bought any new vinyl in over 12 years and doubt that I will ever buy any again. I know that the sound can be superb and I have heard some really top end systems but the cost of getting the best is not small even the above if bought new would represent a pretty good investment .

So for me it is not about the medium it is about the music and if CD ceases to have the wide variety of releases that I lok for and it switched to Hi Res downloads then I will switch with it my only reservation to this is if MP3 or the like gets the nod then I think I will stop collecting music as I refuse to listen seriously to anything that is compressed so much and gives such a universal poor quality replay.
System Theta Data Basic II Transport , Perpetual Technologies PA-1 Upsampler, PA-3 Dac , Concordant Exhillirant Pre ,Krell KSA50 Power , Harbeth Compact II Monitors .
fas42 Offline
#13 Posted : 30 December 2011 10:28:59(UTC)
fas42


Rank: HIFI Novice

Joined: 27/11/2011(UTC)
Posts: 37
Location: NSW, Australia

Well, I was actually around when those first CD players came out, heard "Love Over Gold" on one, and was impressed enough to end up buying one of first "battleship" Yamaha players. I learnt a lot from this fellow, did some internal tweaking, worked out a number of strategies to get the best out of it, and it's still working (or was a year ago) to this day. My fiddling convinced me that the majority of CD replay was very badly executed, especially in terms of optimising a system to get the best out of digital, and I was certainly able to achieve vastly superior to what one typically got in showrooms. I was convinced 20 years ago that CD could deliver superb sound if you did all the "right" things, but it's taking the audio industry a tremendously long time, painfully slowly advancing, inch by inch, to achieving consistently high reproduction quality with digital ...

Frank
ashleym Offline
#14 Posted : 30 December 2011 12:58:49(UTC)
ashleym


Rank: HIFI Veteran

Joined: 02/02/2009(UTC)
Posts: 901
Location: uk

Thanks: 1 times
Was thanked: 2 time(s) in 2 post(s)
Frank,
Quote:
This would be straightforward to do if you used a program like Audacity to create your own attenuated version of a sutable track, and then burn to a CD. I cheated , and used a Denon test CD which had these tracks added: 0, -20, -40, -60dB versions of the same piece


You are talking about a different thing to the OP (aka I knew there was something not quite right Confused ). Your test is moving the whole 16bit depth signal down in analogue level, Barry is talking about the resolution of low level signals in a regular recording. If you have Audacity try bit crushing the signal of something like strings and listen to what the lowering of resolution (or bit depth) does.

Of course there is some masking of the lower level signals and your ears know what they want to hear etc
ashleym Offline
#15 Posted : 30 December 2011 13:13:46(UTC)
ashleym


Rank: HIFI Veteran

Joined: 02/02/2009(UTC)
Posts: 901
Location: uk

Thanks: 1 times
Was thanked: 2 time(s) in 2 post(s)
And Ben- fascinating to get hold of the old CD players. How do contemporary (ie mid 80's) CDs sound?

Yes of course red book CD replay can be superb and ideally high res can be even better. Protools, SADiE and the like can all do 24/196 so the step to releasing everything in this format is a small one. At these levels you are beyond what analogue can achieve noise wise. A lot of the improvements you get from 24 bits are from improved headrooms. The demo Protools X I heard at Strongroom studios emphasised this and showed how a "hot" mix sounded a lot better at hi-res.
fas42 Offline
#16 Posted : 01 January 2012 11:04:55(UTC)
fas42


Rank: HIFI Novice

Joined: 27/11/2011(UTC)
Posts: 37
Location: NSW, Australia

ashleym wrote:
You are talking about a different thing to the OP (aka I knew there was something not quite right Confused ). Your test is moving the whole 16bit depth signal down in analogue level, Barry is talking about the resolution of low level signals in a regular recording. If you have Audacity try bit crushing the signal of something like strings and listen to what the lowering of resolution (or bit depth) does.

Of course there is some masking of the lower level signals and your ears know what they want to hear etc

Sorry, I am talking about about the "resolution of low level signals in a regular recording". Whether the low level signal we're talking about was originally a high level signal, or is the low level elements of a normal recording, makes absolutely no difference to the concept of testing whether the detail has been captured or not. Think of it as an exotic, "modern" classical piece which has the "gimmick" of placing the microphones a mile away from the performance: THE recording, performance, is the sound of an orchestra that far distant; obviously, low level signals in a normal recording.

If by bit crushing in Audacity you mean that you listen to to the final version at normal volume levels by pumping up the level enormously, of course it won't sound brilliant. But guess what an exactly corresponding volume boost will do for an equally soft sound on master tape: it will sound like total crap; like the worst short wave radio you've ever heard, if you can still make out what's there ...

Frank
Geoff P Offline
#17 Posted : 01 January 2012 12:25:23(UTC)
Geoff P


Rank: HIFI Novice

Joined: 01/11/2008(UTC)
Posts: 49
Location: Across the Narrow sea

Interesting discussion but at a more down to earth level I have been experimenting with audio capture from my most beloved Vinyl recordings.

I use a Mac Air running on batteries, an Apoggee Duet 2 USB A/D converter running on external power and Ableton Live 8 recording software which can control recording parameters into Core audio and export WAV files. I then stream the captured audio files using a Linn DS into my Naim system.

This affords me the opportunity to choose audio capture at any of the recognised resolutions up to 192/32 which can then be exported at 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4 or 192 in bit depths of either 16, 18, 20 or 24 bit. Whilst I have not produced comparative files from all of the combinations ( I would go nuts and die first I suspect) I have compared 44.1, 96 and 192 at 16 and 24 bit over a range of music genres off LP.

Time and again I conclude that there is some benefit in going to 96 Khz vs 44.1 but reaching to 192 just creates obviously larger files which are not audible superior ( which you could argue is a limitation of the dynamic range in Vinyl replay) BUT I hear a much more dominant audio improvement in going up to 24 bit vs 16 bit.

So my two cent vote is in agreement with the starter post from Martin. Higher bit rates seemingly have the most impact in improving audio capture.

As an aside I have some downloads from the likes of Linn ranging up to 192/24 and with the studio mastering at the much superior level possible 192/24 can bring something that isn't quite there at 96/24 but the 24 bit element is still most important to hi res audio IMO.

Regards
geoff

Togil Offline
#18 Posted : 01 January 2012 13:19:34(UTC)
Togil


Rank: HIFI Veteran

Joined: 04/10/2008(UTC)
Posts: 536
Location: Oxford

This is what Bob Stuart said a few years ago in a Stereophile interview:

"More bits would be helpful. Back in the late 1980s, we did a lot of work on noiseshapers. And we made A/D converters that could be used for making CDs—a lot of the Stereophile discs, for example, used the Meridian 518 or 618 noiseshaping processors, and a lot of recordings from people like Tony Faulkner—they'd start with 20-bit and then use our processor. So you can get more than 16 bits' effective dynamic range on a disc. But to play that back, you have to have a player that doesn't do stupid things, and 99.999% of players will truncate a signal. Our players won't. So if you've got a beautifully made recording, you can actually get more than 16-bit anyway. But you can't get more than 44.1kHz. "

Hans
ashleym Offline
#19 Posted : 01 January 2012 17:42:40(UTC)
ashleym


Rank: HIFI Veteran

Joined: 02/02/2009(UTC)
Posts: 901
Location: uk

Thanks: 1 times
Was thanked: 2 time(s) in 2 post(s)
Bit crushing is an audio effect, I first heard it on this track produced by Richard X. It is the noise effect on the Gary Numan sample after the Frogger intro sound. The effect here includes aliasing and quantisation noise. The technique is to record/process the signal with a decreasing number of bits, usually down to 8bits before the sound becomes totally unrecognisable

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kGSajAGg9h4

Sorry if I thought you were mixing ideas but the OP's point was that lower level signals such as reverb tails are recorded with fewer bits than the digital full scale ones. Analogue recorders will have lower level signals fade into noise earlier but this will sound very different to a signal recorded with a level requiring 16 bits, for example 10bits- test it in Audaciy if you want to.

Back on topic, having heard the effects of supertweeters and finding these effective it is obvious to me that if we can get a signal above CDs 22K it will help improve fidelity. Also with hearing the effect of dither an extra few bits in bit depth will also be beneficial. How much of each? At least 96/20 but recoding systems allow us 192/24 so why not future proof us?
fas42 Offline
#20 Posted : 02 January 2012 12:24:02(UTC)
fas42


Rank: HIFI Novice

Joined: 27/11/2011(UTC)
Posts: 37
Location: NSW, Australia

Geoff P wrote:
Time and again I conclude that there is some benefit in going to 96 Khz vs 44.1 but reaching to 192 just creates obviously larger files which are not audible superior ( which you could argue is a limitation of the dynamic range in Vinyl replay) BUT I hear a much more dominant audio improvement in going up to 24 bit vs 16 bit.

An interesting experiment would be to take that "optimum" 24 bit version, convert it to 16 bit CD quality, and then convert the latter back again up to 24 bit: obviously the software to do the conversion needs to be top notch. Finally do some blind AB comparisons between the two 24 bit versions, the original and that which has gone through two format conversions. This was done on another forum, and no clear conclusion were drawn -- implying that minimal information of musical significance was lost ...

Frank
Users browsing this topic
Guest
6 Pages123>»
Forum Jump  
You cannot post new topics in this forum.
You cannot reply to topics in this forum.
You cannot delete your posts in this forum.
You cannot edit your posts in this forum.
You cannot create polls in this forum.
You cannot vote in polls in this forum.